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GSAS offers 5 different Constant Wavelength (CW) X-ray profile functions. They are described in detail within the GSAS technical manual (see page 156). 11-BM users are encouraged to use either profile type 3 or type 4.

A quick reference for the various profile type 3 and 4 terms is given below. Users are strongly encouraged to read this section of the GSAS manual at least once before (or after) blindly using this guide!

These peak profile functions are a pseudo-Voigt type, combining Gaussian (G) and Lorentzian (L) components.

The general Gaussian shape (as a function of angle θ) is described by the Cagliotti function

Gaussian Profile ≈ U*tan2θ + V*tanθ + W + P/cos2θ

These U, V, W, and P variables match the GU, GV, GW, and GP profile terms you see below.

The Lorentzian shape is more complex (check the manual), but includes size and strain broadening terms.

11-BM users will not (usually!) need to change or refine the default 'G' terms given in the instrumental parameter file. For the high-resolution synchrotron powder data collected at 11-BM, the instrumental resolution is well described by Gaussian terms.

On the other hand, sample effects in 11-BM data, such as size and strain broadening are (usually!) best fit and refined using Lorentzian terms. Gaussian sample size broadening is *rarely* observed; this requires a very tight mono-disperse size distribution rarely encountered in powder samples (solid metal samples may be an exception).

Many 11-BM diffraction patterns can be well fit by refining only the LX (size), LY (strain) and


Constant Wavelength X-ray GSAS Profile Type 3

GU = Gaussian U term GV = Gaussian V term GW = Gaussian W term
GP = Gaussian crystallite size broadening LX = Lorentzian crystallite size broadening LY = Lorentzian strain broadening
S/L = Finger-Cox Axial Divergence S term H/L = Finger-Cox Axial Divergence H term trns = sample transparency
shft = sample displacement stec = Lorentzian anisotropic strain broadening ** ptec = Lorentzian anisotropic crystallite size broadening **
sfec = Lorentzian sublattice anisotropic broadening ** LXX = Anisotropic Lorentzian microstrain ** LYY = Anisotropic Lorentzian microstrain **


    • NOTE

Constant Wavelength X-ray GSAS Profile Type 4

GU = Gaussian U term GV = Gaussian V term GW = Gaussian W term
GP = Gaussian crystallite size broadening LX = Lorentzian crystallite size broadening ptec = anisotropic crystallite size
trns = sample transparency shft = sample displacement sfec = sublattice anisotropic broadening (stacking faults)
S/L = Finger-Cox Axial Divergence S term H/L = Finger-Cox Axial Divergence H term eta = mixing factor, from pure Gaussian (0) to pure Lorentzian (1)
SXXX = Stephens anisotropic microstrain broadening SYYY = Stephens anisotropic microstrain broadening SZZZ = Stephens anisotropic microstrain broadening